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天津图书馆外国文学撷珍(Classics Reading)第18期
发布时间:2023-02-28
阳光明媚,春意融融。在春日的暖阳下,读一本书,赏一朵花,寻一段静谧时光在书中和主人公汤姆·琼斯一起亲历种种奇闻异事,也被他的善良率真感动。善良是春天的姹紫嫣红,是春风化雨,润物无声,会在不经意间带给我们温暖的力量。本期为大家推荐的书目是英国作家亨利·菲尔丁的作品《弃儿汤姆·琼斯史》,愿你尝尽世间冷暖,依然真诚善良。
作品简介
《弃儿汤姆·琼斯史》首次出版于1749年,是英国小说家亨利·菲尔丁最具代表性的作品,描写了弃婴汤姆·琼斯被奥维资先生收养之后长大成人的故事,通过讲述汤姆·琼斯跌宕起伏的一生和得之不易的爱情,表现了善必战胜恶的人道主义理想。本书是一部包罗英国十八世纪生活方方面面的社会生活小说,是一幅十八世纪英国社会的全貌图。
作者简介
亨利·菲尔丁(Henry Fielding,1707-1754),十八世纪最杰出的英国小说家、戏剧家,英国启蒙运动的最伟大代表人物之一,是英国第一个用完整的小说理论来从事创作的作家,被沃尔特·司各特称为“英国小说之父”。菲尔丁奠定了英国小说全面反映当代社会的现实主义传统,与丹尼尔·笛福、塞缪尔·理查逊并称为英国现代小说的三大奠基人。
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可怜的汤姆可真过了一个很不好受的晚上……害怕受惩罚,是这次这件事里他顶不在乎的,他主要忧虑的是害怕不能坚持到底,而没法子不得不把那个猎守出卖了。他知道,他一出卖那个猎守,猎守就得彻底完蛋。这是一定的后果。
第二天早晨,汤姆来到道貌岸然的斯威克姆先生跟前……现在这位塾师,把头天晚上那位绅士问汤姆的问题,又照样提出,汤姆对那些问题,又用昨晚同样的话回答。这番一问一答的结果是一顿鞭笞,抽得好不厉害,绝不下于有的国家用来逼问罪人的口供时所用的刑罚。
汤姆对于这番惩罚,咬牙忍受,虽然他的老师每抽一下,都问一句,他说实话不说;他却都豁出去抽得皮开肉绽,也不肯出卖他的朋友,或者破坏他的诺言。
……奥维资先生就为汤姆受的刑罚难过起来……“我深信不疑,我亲爱的孩子,因为我疑心,教你受了委屈了;你为此受到很严厉的惩罚,我很难过。”最后给了他一匹小马,作为给他的补偿……
现在汤姆犯的罪,使他痛切地自责,连他受的严厉惩罚,都不能使他那样。斯威克姆先生的鞭笞,他可以很容易地忍受,奥维资先生的宽容,他却难忍难受。他泪如泉涌,跪在地上,大声说道,“啊,义父啊,您对我太好了。一点儿不错,太好了。我实在不配受您这样的待遇。”
插图选自《弃儿汤姆·琼斯史》(商务印书馆,2021)
Poor Jones spent a very melancholy night... Fear of the punishment he was to suffer was on this occasion his least evil; his chief anxiety being, lest his constancy should fail him, and he should be brought to betray the gamekeeper, whose ruin he knew must now be the consequence.
In the morning, when Tom attended the reverend Mr Thwackum... he had the same questions put to him by that gentleman which he had been asked the evening before, to which he returned the same answers. The consequence of this was, so severe a whipping, that it possibly fell little short of the torture with which confessions are in some countries extorted from criminals.
Tom bore his punishment with great resolution; and though his master asked him, between every stroke, whether he would not confess, he was contented to be flead rather than betray his friend or break the promise he had made.
... and Mr Allworthy himself began to be concerned at Tom’s sufferings... ‘I am convinced, my dear child, that my suspicions have wronged you; I am sorry that you have been so severely punished on this account.’ And at last gave him a little horse to make him amends...
Tom’s guilt now flew in his face more than any severity could make it. He could more easily bear the lashes of Thwackum than the generosity of Allworthy. The tears burst from his eyes, and he fell upon his knees, crying, ‘Oh, sir, you are too good to me. Indeed you are. Indeed I don’t deserve it.’
——英文原文节选自Tom Jones(Ware : Wordsworth, 1999),索书号:I561.44/F459/W.ed
☆词汇
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occasion n. 场合,时节,时刻;时机,机会
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chief adj. 主要的,首要的
n. 首领,领袖
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ruin v. 毁灭,毁坏;破产;堕落
n. 毁灭,崩溃
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resolution n. 坚决,决心;决定,决议
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promise v. 允许,答应;有……可能
n. 承诺;希望,出息
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amend vt. 修改,修正
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guilt n. 罪过,内疚
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generosity n. 慷慨,大方
(单词注释来自有道词典)
文案策划:图书借阅部 李圣昭 王熙






