俄罗斯伟大的文学对全人类的精神和思想发展影响深远。今天我们将为大家推荐另一位俄罗斯文学巨匠陀思妥耶夫斯基的名篇《地下室手记》，陀思妥耶夫斯基在作品中对复杂的人性进行了深刻的剖析。正如史蒂芬·茨威格在《三大师》中写的那样：“只有当我们达到普遍人性的本质的时候，我们才接近了他。”今天，让我们一起重温这部经典著作，与文学大师展开跨越时空的对话。

作品简介

《地下室手记》是俄国作家陀思妥耶夫斯基创作的长篇小说。该作以第一人称的方式，讲述了虚构人物“地下室人”的内心思想活动。《地下室手记》体现了陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学的全部艺术特色，内容深刻，形式诡异，被认为是陀思妥耶夫斯基五部长篇小说的总序，是其创作生涯的里程碑。

 

作者简介

费奥多尔·米哈伊洛维奇·陀思妥耶夫斯基（Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky，1821-1881），俄国作家，也是十九世纪俄罗斯最重要的文学家之一。1821年出生于一个并不富裕的医生家庭，从小患有癫痫病；1945年完成处女作《穷人》，1849年因牵涉反对沙皇的革命活动而被捕并宣判死刑，但在行刑前改为流放西伯利亚，在流放途中思想发生巨大改变；1860年返回圣彼得堡，开始陆续创作发表重要作品；1881年因意外去世。代表作有《罪与罚》《白痴》《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》等。

 

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I want now to tell you, gentlemen, whether you care to hear it or not, why I could not even become an insect. I tell you solemnly, that I have many times tried to become an insect. But I was not equal even to that. I swear, gentlemen, that to be too conscious is an illness -- a real thorough-going illness. For man’s everyday needs, it would have been quite enough to have the ordinary human consciousness, that is, half or a quarter of the amount which falls to the lot of a cultivated man of our unhappy nineteenth century, especially one who has the fatal ill-luck to inhabit Petersburg, the most theoretical and intentional town on the whole terrestrial globe. (There are intentional and unintentional towns.) It would have been quite enough, for instance, to have the consciousness by which all so-called direct persons and men of action live. I bet you think I am writing all this from affectation, to be witty at the expense of men of action; and what is more, that from ill-bred affectation, I am clanking a sword like my officer. But, gentlemen, whoever can pride himself on his diseases and even swagger over them?

 

词汇学习

• insect  n. 昆虫
• swear  v. 宣誓，发誓
• cultivate  vt. 耕作，栽培；养殖；培养，教养；磨炼
• fatal  adj. 致命的；毁灭性的
• theoretical  adj. 理论（上）的

（单词注释来自有道词典）

约瑟夫·弗兰克为陀思妥耶夫斯基撰写的系列传记被公认为是传记作品在二十世纪取得的一项重大成就。在努力撰写传记的漫长过程中，弗兰克还根据他对西方思想的敏锐见解撰写了一些文章、书评和随笔，阐述当西方思想透过俄罗斯棱镜反映出来时如何改观变形以及如何被赋予新的意义和内涵。本书汇集了二十篇文章，核心内容涉及陀思妥耶夫斯基及其生活、创作环境以及他对世界文学的影响。

Joseph Frank(1918-2013) was perhaps the most important Dostoevsky biographer, scholar, and critic of his time. His never-before-published Stanford lectures on the Russian novelist’s major works provide an unparalleled and accessible introduction to some of literature’s greatest masterpieces. Presented here for the first time, these illuminating lectures begin with an introduction to Dostoevsky’s life and literary influences and go on to explore the breadth of his career. Bringing Joseph Frank’s unmatched knowledge and understanding of Dostoevsky’s life and writings to a new generation of readers, this remarkable book will appeal to anyone seeking to understand Dostoevsky and his times.

 

文案策划及录音：图书借阅部 李圣昭

编辑：宣传策划小组 王丹